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Charissa B. Fabian oral history interview: transcript

Date

2021-11-24

Description

Oral history interview with Charissa B. Fabian conducted by Kyle Gregory Baluyut on November 24, 2021 for Reflections: The Las Vegas Asian American and Pacific Islander Oral History Project. In this interview, Charissa B. Fabian discusses her upbringing in Angeles City, Pampanga, Philippines with her three siblings and memories shared with her grandparents and cousins. She talks about her nursing education from the University of the Philippines and her immigration via a recruitment agency to work in New York. Charissa Fabian reflects on her move to Las Vegas, Nevada with her husband in 1995, the growing Filipino population in the city, and her work as a nurse. She also shares her thoughts on the immigration process, the COVID-19 pandemic, and politics.

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Transcript of interview with Jan Stewart by Claytee White, June 28, 2010

Date

2010-06-28

Description

In 1901, Jan Stewart's grandfather William T. Stewart brought his family to Alamo, Nevada in Lincoln County and about 90 miles north of Las Vegas to ranch. Soon he and his wife were operating a livery stable. One of his customers was an executive with the Union Pacific Railroad for whom he provided transportation to Las Vegas, where the railroad owned a ranch referred to as the Old Ranch. In this narrative Jan recounts how his grandfather and later his father became managers of the Old Ranch and lived a just a few dozen yards from the Old Mormon Fort, a historic Las Vegas landmark. In addition to sharing stories of his family's history, he describes how the ranch was a unique place to group up, brought the family in contact with many community people and an occasional celebrity.

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Transcript of interview with Jan Kennedy by Barbara Tabach, September 7, 2011

Date

2011-09-07

Description

Jan Kennedy was born (1924) Janet Parmelee, the daughter of a Connecticut physician and a homemaker. In high school she met Norman Kennedy, who she would marry after both had attended college and to whom she was married for 64 years. Until 1963, their roots seemed to be taking hold in the Seattle area. That is until Norm was offered an attractive career opportunity as a weather man at the Nevada Test Site. They settled in and enjoyed a zest-filled life with their four sons and a dynamic group of friends who they often entertained at their cabin in Mount Charleston. In addition, Jan managed to volunteer for a list of organizations including UMC Hospital/Southern Nevada Memorial Hospital; Clark County Museum Guild; Salvation Army Women's Auxiliary; church deacon; Assistance League; Red Hats—keeping herself ever busy and joyfully satisfied.

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Transcript of interview with Dorothy George by Claytee White, October 13, 2003

Date

2005-10-13

Description

After serving as a nurse in World War II in Hawaii, Okinawa and Japan, Dorothy returned home to Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin. She experienced a particularly bad winter and she set out for California but stopped in Las Vegas to visit the family of her traveling companion, a girlfriend from her home town. The girlfriend returned to Wisconsin and George applied for a nursing license and got it within three days. She never left. Dorothy met her husband while working the night shift at Clark County Hospital. He would come in regularly to assist his patients in the births of their babies. Their occupations and their service in World War II drew them together in a marriage that has lasted over fifty years. From 1949 to this interview in 2003, Dorothy George has seen Las Vegas grow from a town that she loved to a metropolitan area that is no longer as friendly. She reminisces about the Heldorado parades, family picnics at Mount Charleston, watching the cloud formed by the atomic bomb tests, raising six successful children, leading a Girl Scout Troop, and working in organizations to improve the social and civic life of Las Vegas.

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Transcript of interview with Daniel Kaminski by Brian Corcoran, March 14, 1978

Date

1978-03-14

Description

On March 14, 1978, Brian Corcoran interviewed Twenty-One dealer Daniel Kaminski (born November 17th, 1947 in New Jersey) about his life in Southern Nevada. The two discuss Kaminski’s occupational history and gambling practices amongst tourists. They then go in depth on the rise of gambling establishments across the United States and the impacts it may have on Las Vegas. The interview concludes with a discussion on the role of dealers in casinos.

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Transcript of interview with Ray Christian by Russell L. Ellis, March 19, 1978

Date

1978-03-19

Description

On March 19, 1978, Russell L. Ellis interviewed former postal worker, Ray Christian (born 1927 in Las Vegas, Nevada). The two discuss Ray’s family history and his experiences as a Black man in early Las Vegas. Ray Christian compares the experiences of his childhood with that of his children in Las Vegas. The interview concludes with Christian expressing how Las Vegas has grown and that there are more opportunities available for his children to pursue.

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Las Vegas Sentinel-Voice

Alternate Title

Las Vegas Voice (1963-1974); Las Vegas Sentinel (1980-1982); Sentinel Voice (1982-2014)

Description

THE VOICE BELONGS TO YOU, THE READERS. The Voice belongs to each reader, individually, and to all readers collectively. It does not belong to the publisher, not to its staff. We are merely your servants, whose job it is to echo your voice along the path to full citizenship. The Voice does not belong to any politician, nor to any group of politicians, nor to any political party. It belongs solely to you, the people for whom it was created. The Voice is not, nor shall it ever be, controlled in any way by an individual, nor by any group of individuals. It shall always be controlled, in its editorial policies, by the will of the people, and solely for the purpose of upgrading the people. This publication is your publication. We want you to develop a deep and sincere feeling of the part you play in the Voice. I shall never be influenced, coerced, or intimidated by any pressures to change the policy of doing what is best for the cause. Your-paper will never fear to publish whatever truth that will further our program for equality, regardless of how high up the toes are that we must at times step upon. Regardless of threats of reprisals from any source, we will print what is best for our collective interests. We ask your prayers that we may never falter, nor be found lacking in the courage necessary to pursue the struggle toward first class citizenship, and realistic equities in the field of job opportunity. The Voice will lead the way in waging whatever battles are necessary for total victory, but we must know that you are right there to back us up. Your confidence in us will be the spark that will light the torch that will blaze the way to victory. You, each of you, can play a most important part in supporting the Voice, by supporting the advertisers who keep this instrument active in our operation to attain our full democratic rights. We need your prayers. We need your confidence in us, if the job is to get finished. Togetherness is our way to success. Support only those who support our cause. When you go shopping, take the Voice with you, and ask all with whom you spend your hard-earned money, if they advertise in the Voice. Selective purchasing is the quickest way to better job opportunities. Start today, and never stop until total victory has been won. We will not, and we cannot fail if we stick together, and spend wisely. Support those who advertise in the Voice. They will keep the Voice in position to support the cause. Charles I. West, Publisher

Dr. Charles I. West, the first African American physician in Las Vega and prominent pioneer of the early civil rights movement in Las Vegas began publishing the Las Vegas Voice in October of 1963. He issued this statement in January of 1964 (a photo of Dr. West appeared on the front page) both as a call for community support but also to define his newspaper as the Voice of the People, the African American people of Las Vegas, and the Westside community. The title, the Voice, defined the paper and its mission throughout its history and through changes in owners, publishers and editors. Later publishers Ed and Betty Brown would merge the Voice with the Sentinel, another symbol defining the role of the paper as the guardian of the rights and interests on the Black community.

Dr. West’s call for community support also reflected some of the issues which the Voice and then the Sentinel Voicewould always face as a community newspaper: independence from influence and intimidation, whether from outside the Black community, from local and state officials, or agencies, or from individual politicians, and civic leaders white and Black who would endeavor to use The Voice as a platform, as Ramon Savoy, the paper’s last publisher and editor noted, “to promote their own agendas”. An ever present question for the paper was whose voice, who spoke for the Black community? A paper dedicated to the truth could not ignore or avoid reporting the inevitable tensions and conflicts within the Black community and between its leaders.

The financial frailty of the newspaper as a simple business enterprise was a constant worry to it publishers. Hence the call to, and for its advertisers, and to the community to support its advertisers. Another theme is what Dr. West called “togetherness” – “our way to success”, the idea that the Westside community had to unify and create its own opportunities for its economic survival as a viable community, as well as to further the cause of civil rights in Las Vegas. Editor after editor would use the paper as a platform to create a stronger sense of community in the face, at times, of neglect, division, and indifference.  

 The Voice was strident in promoting “the cause” and bringing to light the racial injustices that plagued both the Westside, Las Vegas, and the nation. In the same issue in which Dr. West called on the support of the community, on the front page was a photo of a street with the caption, “BLOODSTAINS: In this photo you will note the bloodstains on the sidewalk where Homer Williams was dragged after being beaten to the ground by a club swinging Las Vegas Policeman.” The story, a demonstration on Jackson Street, on Christmas Eve began: “All hell broke loose on Jackson Street. . .  “

We sincerely at this time hope that you will place trust and faith to this newspaper and to the leadership of this community that a job will be done. We know that we face a vital and grave task if we are to have your continued blessings and support.  If there would have been a riot you would have lost, but simply because a riot was averted you shall win. You shall win because you are not the unruly children or a pack of animals that some feel that you are. Furthermore, because you are men and women with children, homes, jobs, churches, places of business and respect for yourselves and the law, your demands for action will be heaped together in a giant size jackpot that will explode sound into a previously deaf ear.”

The editorial, by James Waddell, castigated the white newspapers for their coverage of the incident

“TO THE REVIEW JOURNAL AND THE LAS VEGAS SUN "Even if both of you decided to merge, you would still be a long way from printing a good newspaper and as it is right now, both of you would be in a world of trouble if Associated Press and the other wire services ever closed shop. If they gave out awards for dismal newspaper creations both of you would run a dead heat for first place.  Both of you, who are editors of these papers (?) had better believe this: If 1,000 Negroes had been milling about Jackson Street the other day, you would have sent everything you’ve got down there that could write his name including yourselves. One of you were so on top of the situation that you sent a lone photographer with a flashbulb, a pencil and a scrap of paper and he arrived at the scene some two hours after the incident. You have been twisting the course of the Negro events in this city for a long time but this is your last time. As long as I sit behind this desk, you won’t be able to twist the cap off a bottle of coke on the West- side without my knowing about it. Running a few Negro’s pictures in your papers (?) could never erase your twisted blunders. You have made us look bad for the last time and that you had better believe. Your days of sugar coating a select few and smearing the majority have suddenly come to one very sudden halt. You might as well dig in because Progress is about to kick your damn door down and you ought to jump for joy that I’m giving you enough time to keep from being caught with your pants down. Phillip Waddell, editor

This was the tone of The Voice. But alongside the harsh headlines and editorials was the news and images of a vibrant community, its people and events, captured by local photographer Clinton Wright. Dr. West wrote a series of thoughtful articles “Africa in Todays’ World,” examining the socialism in emerging African Nations and their relationship to Cold War global politics.  It also highlighted prominent African Americans such as architect Paul Revere Williams in the 1965 story Famed Negro Architect Designs Air-Cab System -- An “air-cab” transportation system which could revolutionize the nation’s transit systems has been designed by a noted Negro architect. Paul R. Williams of Los Angeles, has designed a system calling for building a 17-1/2 mile elevated network. Tiny four-passenger gondolas, capable of speeds up to 30 miles an hour, would be suspended from the network. THE SYSTEM could carry 16,000 passengers an hour to 15 separate stops. It would link the city’s downtown center with McCarran Airport. The air-cab idea is expected to be copied by other cities having traffic congestion problems, promoters of the system say. “From its first day of operations, the cab will instantly remove untold amounts of congestion from the sidewalks and roadways of Las Vegas,” the backers said. Williams has designed such West Coast landmarks as the Los Angeles International airport, Saks Fifth Avenue of Beverly Hills, the County of Los Angeles House, and the Botany building at the University of California, Los Angeles

Dr. West published the Voice until 1974 when he sold it to Lawrence Albert. Albert continued the Voice as West had envisioned it as a champion of African Americans and their civil rights and to empower the Westside Community. He summarized these struggles and the struggles of the paper in his editorial in 1979 a few months before he, in turn, sold the newspaper.

The Las Vegas VOICE is in the same shape as the residents it serves. While it is struggling for survival, it is being stabbed in the back. Instead of always knocking this paper, the community should get behind it. I feel it has been more than fair with this community, since I took control of it. One of the reasons that we are always last in the bread line, is that we don’t trust anything that belongs to a Black person. It seems that we don’t consider anything legitimate unless it is accepted and endorsed by whites. . . . We must understand that we will never have the respect of the white community until we respect our own community. To do this we must continually strive to build up our own part of town. And whether you realize it or not, we will never be liked in the white community. We will always be considered outsiders, but if we respected ourselves, we would be respected by the white community. If we got together over here and tried to upgrade our businesses and community as a whole, the white community would flood us with money. For someone this country loves to try to help is the underdog, that is trying to help himself. We are viewed now as a bunch of panhandlers, who are always standing on the street corners of white communities with our hands out. Because we are isolated, we could have one of the most affluent communities in this country. All we have to do is stop working for the acceptance of white people and start working for the respect of ourselves. Right now we don’t have any good restaurants in our community; we don’t have any movie theatres; we don’t have any banks or telephone and power company sub-stations. The reason is clear: white people know we would rather go to their part of town and suffer abuse and poor service than to support such places in our own community. As long as we make it blatantly clear that we need white people, they will continue to deny us our rightful place in this county and country. But once we start showing them that we don’t need them, they will give us anything we want — white people have an unquenchable desire to be needed and looked up to

The July 26, 1979 issue announced the new publishers of the Voice, the Westside Community Development Corporation, sponsored by the Christian Fellowship Industries, and paid homage to the previous publishers.

With the advent of the new publisher for the LAS VEGAS VOICE Newspaper, the WESTSIDE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION sponsored by the Christian Fellowship Industries, it's time for reflection. Let’s go back in time and give due nods to some of the forbearers of this publication. It has met the test in time with founder, Dr. Charles West, who through many trials and tribulations, carried the colors and banners for the cause. He sought a course and guided the paper through turmoil and successes. The paper was the VOICE of the people for the people, by the people. Dr. West shed much sweat and many a tear in his effort to inform, counsel and entertain. Then there was Lawrence Albert who expanded upon these principles. Mr. Albert’s approach was a gallant one. He huffed and he puffed until he blew the house down - he was daring, brave, unafraid - a champion of the cause. He barked loud and clear and he was heard. But the effort was not all uphill. Lawrence Albert found many obstacles in his way but he put his shoulder against the tide and moved the mountain of adversity with dogged determination. He loved the challenge and it showed. Now there is a new face in the place the WESTSIDE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION - sponsored by the Christian Fellowship Industries - a new group who has gained strength, and vitality from the forbearers. The goal ahead is to strengthen itself and utilize its journalistic experience rendering dynamic community involvement, leadership - inform and help to reform - attempt to help shape and reshape our way of life. We want to see our leaders in public office, we want to see them share in the decisions and plans which will ultimately involve or affect all of us. The LAS VEGAS VOICE wants to be a part of all this. We solicit your help and understanding. Let’s share and work together for the common good of all.

The Westside Community Development Corporation added a number of prominent Westside leaders to its staff, Sarann Knight and Alice Key as Associate Editors and State Senator Joe Neal as a regular contributing editor.  “Now,” the publishers announced “the Voice newspaper is truly the exclusive BLACK VOICE in the state of Nevada.”

The claim to be the exclusive BLACK VOICE was not without challenge. In September 1979, Frank Ferris, a spokesman for the publishers felt compelled to editorialize on the front page, “BLACKS MUST CONTROL THEIR OWN COMMUNITY.” “Blacks in Las Vegas have been sold out!”, Ferris warned, “But, don't put all of the blame on white folks, the fact is, that as long as certain weak minded blacks continue to sell out themselves and each other to certain white elements in our community who would like to have the multitude of blacks in this community under their direct control, we will continue to have more of the same economic and political problems our community has had for the last 20 years. Until we learn how to survive on our own thru successful Black Owned and Controlled Black Business ventures, we will continue to have Blacks within our community selling themselves out to others. Blacks who have become successful must reach out and help other Blacks to also, become successful. The corporation that owns and publishes the Las Vegas VOICE Newspaper, is 100% Black owned and controlled, has invested thousands of dollars into the Black Community and will continue to do so. We will not be intimidated by anyone at any time. We will continue to fight for the rights of Blacks in Las Vegas. Bring us your community problems. Watch us tackle these problems in a manner that our community can be proud of. Since 1963, the Las Vegas VOICE has served the Black community to the best of its ability.”

In the same issue Dr. McMillan, President of the local chapter of the NAACP castigated Cy and Evelyn Newman, the Jewish owners of a new “Black-oriented newspaper” the Las Vegas West (and also of the Black-oriented radio station KVOV) for presuming to “unite the Black Community” and suggesting that their publication "might just show that the rank-and-file of the Black community has been led down a garden path by their leaders." “Can we buy the premise that one who does not live in our community; who has never lived in it is qualified to represent our point of view and persuade the residents therein to accept their standards of who and what is right or wrong for Blacks.” McMillan defended Black ministers and elected officials – apparently the “leaders” targeted in the Newman’s “diatribes” -- as truly representing their constituents. 

But the Voice’s monopoly was also challenged by Black publishers, Ed and Betty Brown. Ed Brown was a retired and decorated Army Lieutenant Colonel who served in World War II and Korea. He was also an experienced radio man - disc jockey, announcer, and station manager for a major radio station in Newark, New Jersey. In 1974 he and his wife Betty moved to Las Vegas where Ed became station manager at KVOV Radio. His wife Betty was a practicing therapist (They met at the Tuskegee Veterans Hospital where they were both stationed). In 1980 the Browns started the Las Vegas Sentinel to compete with the Las Vegas Voice. In their first issue they stated their mission.

TO OUR READERS This is the first issue of the LAS VEGAS SENTINEL and the publishers and staff invite you to participate in a new and enhanced dimension of cooperation with your community newspaper. Our goal is to bring you a paper of quality, integrity and accuracy — a paper of which you will be proud, on which you can depend and with which you will want to become involved. Our name, the SENTINEL, and our logo denote our purpose. We are striving to perceive and report to you what is real and to serve as an ever vigilant guard that will be alertly watchful, especially to help avoid danger to our community. In the center of our logo crouches our young black “sentinel”, alert and strong, holding his horn and his drum. His is an all-embracing and responsible task to know what is happening in our community and that which concerns all of us, and then to send the message loudly, clearly and without bias, for “the truth shall set us free”. When need arises, it is his task to signal the alert of impending danger, for “if we are forewarned, we are forearmed”. Also, the calling together of ALL the people for the purpose of presenting a UNIFIED front in times of trouble is his task, for “in our unity lies our strength” However, the young sentinel’s success does not and cannot rest with him alone.' He may send the strongest, clearest message and the most urgent alert, but if they fall on deaf ears, his efforts are to no avail. He may call all of the various groups together, but if the groups do not understand the wisdom of unity or cannot set aside individual selfish desires to work for the common good of all; then his vigilance, his guarding and his warnings are for naught. The LAS VEGAS SENTINEL dedicates its existence to the building of an ever improving and thriving community. May our community and the LAS VEGAS SENTINEL have a never ending dependence upon each other! Betty Brown, Editor

The Browns emphasized in their announcement of a new (and competing) Black newspaper in Las Vegas the need for a “unified front” of “all the people”, perhaps simply echoing the mission of the Voice as an advocate for the community, but perhaps subtly suggesting that the Voice did not necessarily represent “ALL the People”.  In any event the competition between the two papers did not last long; in September 1982 the Browns acquired the Voice and in November merged the two papers. The last issue of the Voice was November 20, 1982, the Sentinel-Voice appeared on November 25 (as vol. 3 no. 29 of the Sentinel) with this announcement:

BROWN PUBLISHING ANNOUNCES SENTINEL-VOICE NEWSPAPER MERGER. Brown Publishing Company president Ed Brown announced the merger of the Las Vegas Sentinel, Nevada’s largest black community newspaper and the Vegas Voice, Las Vegas’ oldest weekly newspaper, effective with his issue. “Due to the increased newsprint and production costs, we find it more practical, at this time, to merge both publications,” said Brown. “The concept of maintaining both papers is not totally disbanded. Their individual identity will be maintained and will contribute to a broader perspective of objective journalism.” Publisher Betty Brown stated that “the size of the joint publication will enlarge with national full color black syndicated magazine sections and we will have an expanded opportunity of adding the reports of the national black correspondents and feature services. We foresee a new dimension being added to the community publication. We are excited about the prospects.”

The Browns owned and edited the Sentinel Voice until 1996. Ed Brown died in 1988, his obituary ran in the Sentinel Voice September 29, 1988 https://special.library.unlv.edu/node/691901. His wife Betty ran the paper alone until her son, Lee Brown returned to Las Vegas to help with the paper. In 1991 Harlem-born Ramon Savoy joined the paper. Savoy had been stationed at Nellis Air Force Base from 1978 to 1984 and had worked as a disc jockey for UNLV’s public radio station. He met Ed Brown at KCEP radio station where Savoy was working in sales. Savoy, who took over the paper’s advertising and marketing, joined the Sentinel Voice initially in sales but soon took on reporting, editing and distribution. When Betty Brown died in January 1995 https://special.library.unlv.edu/node/698386 her son, Lee took over as publisher and editor, until October when Ramon Savoy bought the paper from him and became the publisher. Lee Brown continued as managing editor until October 1996 when Lynette Sawyer, Savoy’s wife took over that role.

Under Savoy, the Sentinel Voice reached a new level of maturity, carrying the syndicated columns of celebrated African American journalist Carl Rowan and others, along with national and international syndicated news. But when it came to a target audience, according to Savoy, the Historic West Side neighborhood was the newspaper’s “bread and butter.”

In an interview in The Nevada Independent in March 2020, Ramon Savoy talked about the history of the paper and its significance to the Black community in Las Vegas and the Historic Westside. Getting the information out on the streets had been a driving force behind Savoy’s activism. When Savoy took on sales in 1991, he recalled, the Sentinel Voice regularly published editorials from community figures such as Ray Willis, who was a spokesman for Clark County School District, or then-Nevada Assemblyman Wendell Williams. He put a stop to such editorials and initiated a shift from “soft” coverage of things like local beauty pageants, fundraisers and church events to tougher stories. Savoy said Betty Brown “didn’t put any restraints” on what directions she wanted to take the paper before her death in 1995. Some public figures who had gotten used to advancing their own “agendas” in the paper’s editorials were taken aback when Savoy cut them off and then wrote less-than-flattering stories about them. “The editorials were harder-hitting, so if you’re talking about the police, that gets them riled up,” he said. “The corrections officers and administrators were the ones keeping the paper up in the office and looking at it. . . We were not trying to sugar coat nothing, we were just trying to be straight up with it,” he said.

“Savoy saw media — both print and radio — as a way to awaken the West Side’s community members and in turn, revitalize the neighborhood. . . Savoy warns that not transmitting that knowledge “creates a vacuum” and affects the larger community who depend on being informed in order to advocate for their rights and interests. As a member of an older generation, Savoy thinks it is his responsibility to take the lead in spreading the community’s stories — the good and the bad — to younger generations.” 

In January 2014 the last issue of the Las Vegas Sentinel-Voice went out. Publisher Ramon Savoy decided to close the paper, “Nevada’s only African-American community newspaper” rather than sell it someone who might not share his mission. On Wednesday, Feb. 5, 2019 Ramon Savoy was recognized at a Las Vegas City Council Meeting for his contributions over a quarter century, expressed in a formal proclamation by the City of Las Vegas.

 

Note: Not all issues are available online. See missing issues list.

 

1964
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1965
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1966
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1967
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October

Language

English

English

Frequency

Weekly

Place of Publication

Geographic Coverage

Library of Congress Control Number (lccn)

sn86076451

Transcript of interview with Michael S. Mack by Claytee White, May 21, 2009

Date

2009-05-21

Description

During this interview, Michael Mack visualizes his childhood memories of the later 1930s, when Las Vegas was a small, but steadily growing, desert town. As he says, "The desert was our backyard." The Strip hotels like the last Frontier and the Flamingo pop into the stories, but it was basically an innocent time. He attended John S. Park Elementary when classrooms were temporary buildings from the local Air Force base and the neighborhood was filled with children. He still maintains close friendships from that time. And he also recalls friends from the Westside neighborhood. Michael talks of scouting, riding horses, and watching Helldorado parades.

Michael Mack's first recollection of Las Vegas is as a two-year-old living in a duplex on Bonneville Ave. Though the family moved several times, they remained in or near the John S. Park neighborhood. Michael's father was a Polish immigrant who arrived in Boulder City, where he opened a shoe store, in 1932. The building of the Hoover Dam brought opportunities and his father Louis expanded into the salvage business. In time Louis moved the family to Las Vegas, opened a retail clothing store, which eventually sold uniforms, and set up the first local bail bondman office. During this interview, Michael visualizes his childhood memories of the later 1930s, when Las Vegas was a small, but steadily growing, desert town. As he says, "The desert was our backyard." The Strip hotels like the last Frontier and the Flamingo pop into the stories, but it was basically an innocent time. He attended John S. Park Elementary when classrooms were temporary buildings from the local Air Force base and the neighborhood was filled with children. He still maintains close friendships from that time. And he also recalls friends from the Westside neighborhood. Michael talks of scouting, riding horses, and watching Helldorado parades. Though the Macks were a Jewish family, Michael's mother always brought the Christmas tree to school. It was a period when people memorized each other's 3-digit phone numbers, went to movies for 14 cents, and there was a ranch for people to stay while getting divorced. Halloween Trick-or-treaters in the John S. Park neighborhood might get a tasty cupcake or a shiny dime. Michael has a plethora of stories about innocent mischief and the unique experiences of a boy growing up in Las Vegas.

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Transcript of interview with Eva Garcia Mendoza by Elsa Lopez and Barbara Tabach, September 25, 2018

Date

2018-09-25

Description

On the corner of 7th street and Clark, and beside the tennis courts of Las Vegas Academy, stands the law office of attorney Eva Garcia Mendoza. Eva has worked in her office since 1982, and in this time she has helped the Las Vegas community work through civil and immigration cases besides aiding in a myriad of other ways. Eva Garcia Mendoza was born in 1950, in the town of McAllen, TX-an environment that perpetuated hatred of Mexican Americans. Eva recalls the racism she endured; for instance, being spanked if she spoke Spanish in school, and her family facing job discrimination because of her skin color or her last name. Being an ethnic and financial minority was difficult, and Eva remembers nights as a child when she would cry herself to sleep. Eva showed resilience in the face of adversity as she states, “you rise to the level of your teachers’ expectations.” With the encouragement of her band professor, Dr. L.M Snavely, she began higher education at Pan American College. She moved to Las Vegas in 1971 and began to work before being accepted at UNLV to study Spanish literature. She graduated in the class of 1973. In 1975, Eva applied to become a court interpreter, a decision that would drastically change the trajectory of her career. She earned the coveted position and began to work beside Judge John Mendoza who was the first Latino elected to public office in the state of Nevada. Several years later John and Eva would wed. Judge Mendoza passed away in 2011. Eva talks about how extraordinary his legacy is-from his professional achievements to a story about his v football days and the 1944 Dream Team, this true story even piqued the interest of Hollywood writers. Through her work, Eva began to notice how she was more than qualified to become a lawyer herself, so she applied and gained a full ride scholarship to the Law School of San Diego University. Eva describes the struggles of attending school in San Diego while her spouse and children were home in Las Vegas. Despite the financial difficulties, being one of few minority students, and becoming pregnant her second year, Eva was able to finish her remaining university credits by returning to Las Vegas and working with Judge Mendoza. Together, they started the Latin Bar Association. Eva began her own practice in 1981 and would later partner with Luther Snavely, who was the son of her band teacher that helped her to attend college so many years back. Today, Eva has a new partner at her office and hired her son to work as a secretary. Eva also tells of the office’s mysterious history, of which includes a ghostly figure many clients claimed to have seen in the reception room. Eva recounts many of her professional achievements, such as petitioning to start the American Immigration Lawyers Association, Nevada Chapter, representing celebrities, winning the unwinnable cases such as against the Nevada Test Site. Eva talks about current events, such as today’s immigration laws, the discriminatory practices of revoking birth certificates from those born in Brownsville, TX., and about the importance of the #MeToo movement. Eva and her family have a great fondness for Las Vegas. The support for the Latinx community in Las Vegas greatly contrasts that which she experienced as a child in southern Texas. She describes wanting to take her children and grandchildren to visit her old home in McAllen, TX where her family grew up on the “wrong side of the tracks.”

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Transcript of interview with Rita Deanin Abbey by Claytee White, November 29, 2014 and February 26, 2015

Date

2014-11-29
2015-02-26

Description

Rita Deanin Abbey is an Emeritus Professor of Art at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. She taught drawing, painting, and color theory and innovated interdisciplinary courses with the sciences at UNLV from 1965 to 1987. The University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Marjorie Barrick Museum and the Palm Springs Desert Museum (presently Palm Springs Art Museum), Palm Springs, CA collaborated to present the Rita Deanin Abbey 35 Year Retrospective, which was held February 16-March 5,1988 at UNLV and March 25-June 5,1988 at the Palm Springs Art Museum. Abbey received her Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in 1952 and her Master of Arts degree in 1954 from the University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. She also studied at Goddard College, Plainfield, VT; the Art Student s League, Woodstock, NY; the Fians Hofmann School of Fine Arts, Provincetown, MA; and the San Francisco Art Institute, San Francisco, CA. She was an artist in residence in the studios of Toshi Yoshida, Tokyo, Japan, John Killmaster, Boise, ID; Methow Iron Works, Twisp, WA; Tamarind Institute, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Mason Gross School of the Arts, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Shidoni Foundry, Tesuque, NM; Bill Weaver Studio, Chupadero, NM; Savoy Studios, Portland, OR; and Carlson & Co., San Fernando, CA. Abbey, who works in the areas of painting, drawing, printmaking, sculpture, porcelain enamel fired on steel, stained-glass, and computer art, has had 60 individual exhibitions and has participated in over 200 national and international group exhibitions. She is represented in private and public collections in the United States, the Middle East, Europe, and South America. Abbey has published several articles in journals, and six books: Rivertrip, Northland Press, Flagstaff, AZ, 1977; Art and Geology: Expressive Aspects of the Desert, Peregrine Smith Books, Layton, UT, 1986 (co-authored by G. William Fiero); the Rita Deanin Abbey Rio Grande Series, Gan Or, Las Vegas, NV, 1996; In Praise of Bristlecone Pines, The Artists' Press, Johannesburg (presently located in White River), South Africa, 2000; Isaiah Stained- Glass Windows, Gan Or, Las Vegas, NV, 2002; Seeds Yet Ever Secret, Poems and Images, Gan Or, Las Vegas, NV, 2013. She has been the recipient of many commissions and grants and has won several awards, including the Bicentennial Commission for the State of Nevada, 1976; the Governor's Seventh Annual Visual Arts Award for the State of Nevada, 1986; and the Chairman's Award of Excellence at the 1987 International Exhibition of Enamelling Art, Ueno Royal Museum, Tokyo, Japan. From 1988-1990, Abbey fabricated Northwind, a steel sculpture (17ft. x 27 ft. 5 in. x 25 ft. 10 in., 7 tons), installed in Las Vegas, NV. Abbey was invited by the Gallery Association of New York State to exhibit four of her works in its 1989-1991 traveling exhibition, Color and Image: Recent American Enamels. In 1992, the Markus Galleries, Las Vegas, NV, and the Nevada Symphony presented an exhibition of art by Abbey, which inspired Virko Baley s Piano Concerto No. 1. The world premiere performance of the concerto was held in 1993 at the National Opera House, Kiev, Ukraine. In 1993, Abbey constructed Spirit Tower, a cor-ten steel sculpture (20 ft., 11 tons), which was commissioned by the Las Vegas-Clark County Library District for the Summerlin Library and Performing Arts Center. Abbey was invited by the Pacific Division of the American Association for the Advancement of Science to lecture on Art and Geology at San Francisco State University for the 75th Annual Meeting, on June 19-24,1994. She was one of three artists from the United States invited to participate in the exhibition, Enamel Today, at Villa am Aabach, Uster, Switzerland, June-July, 1995. Additionally in 1995, Abbey completed a series of cast bronze sculptures at Shidoni Foundry, Tesuque, New Mexico. Commissioned in 1998, Abbey completed the Isaiah Stained-Glass Windows in 2000, sixteen 10 ft. x 2 ft. stained-glass windows for the main sanctuary of Temple Beth Sholom, Las Vegas, NV. Also in 2000, she completed Holocaust, a stainless steel sculpture (14 ft. 3 in., 4.5 tons), installed in Las Vegas, NV. In 2003 her bronze sculpture, Ner Tamid, was installed in Temple Adat Ami, Las Vegas, NV. Snakewash, a cor-ten steel ground sculpture (62 ft.), was completed in November 2003. Abbey fabricated steel sculptures and cast small and large bronzes from 2004 through the present. In 2006 she completed and installed Guardian of All Directions, a stainless steel sculpture (14 ft., 1.5 tons). The Guggenheim Hermitage Museum and Young Collectors Council visited the studio and home of Rita Deanin Abbey, Las Vegas, Nevada October 15, 2006. During March 2008, Women's History Month, Abbey was recognized for her contributions to the Arts by Mayor Goodman and Members of the Las Vegas City Council. Hidden Pass, a 2-inch steel plate sculpture (16 x 28 ft. 8 in. x 13 ft., 22 tons), was installed in 2010. Between July 16-December 23, 2011, Abbey exhibited in Blast from the Past, '60s & '70s Geometric Abstraction at Palm Springs Art Museum, Palm Springs, California. The City of Las Vegas Office of Cultural Affairs, Las Vegas Arts Commission presented Abbey the Lifetime Achievement Award for Excellence in the Arts on May 25, 2012. Balanced Arc, an outdoor bronze sculpture (8ft. 8 in. x 9 ft. x 7 ft. 4 in., 1600 lbs.), completed in 2012, was installed in April 2013. The Western Museums Association 2014 Annual Meeting in Las Vegas, NV, toured The Art of Rita Deanin Abbey at the Desert Space Museum October 5, 2014. Abbey participated in the fall group exhibition Macrocosm/Microcosm: Abstract Expressionism in the American Southwest at the Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, October 2, 2014-January 4, 2015. Her artwork was also shown in the Recent Acquisitions exhibition at the Marjorie Barrick Museum, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, June 19-September 19, 2015. Currently, Abbey is working on new sculptures, paintings, and enamels. vii

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