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V Time interval before filling pipe Pipe laid with cem-nt joints shall not he filled wicthi water until the lapse of 12 hours after the last joint in any valved section shall have been made, and pressure shall not be permitted in the pipe until all joints have aged—a minimum of 36 hours. Replacing defective joints If any joint is defective, it shall be cut out and entirely replaced at contractor's expense as directed by the Engineer. SETTING VALVES, VALVE BOXES, FITTINGS, AND BLOW-OFFS General Gate valves and pipe fittings shall be set and jointed to new pipe in the manner heretofore specified for cleaning, laying, end jointing pipe. PLUGGING DEAD ENDS Standard plugs shall be inserted into the bells of all dead ends of Pipes, tees, or crosses, and spigot ends shall be capped* »•&<, <f< ANCHORAGE OF PENDS, TEES, AND PLUGS Limiting Pipe Diameter and Degree of Bend Reaction or thrust backing shall be applied at all tees, plugs, caps and at bends deflecting 22-1/2 degrees or more, and at other locations as directed by the Engineer. Material for Reaction Backing Reaction or thrust backing shall be of concrete. Backing shall be placed between solid ground and the fitting to be atnchored; the area of bearing on pipe and on ground in each instance shall be that required by the Engineer. The backing shall, unless otherwise directed, be so placed that the pipe and fitting joints will be accessible for repair. HYDROSTATIC TESTS Pressure During Test After the pipe has been laid and partially back­filled, all newly laid pipe, or any valved section of it shall, unless otherwise specified., be subjected to hydrosta­tic pressure 50 per. cent above normal operating pressure. 7