Jacques Ribons describes his life during the Nazi occupation of Poland. During the liquidation of the Jewish ghetto, his family decided to turn themselves in to the Germans. They were sent to a prison and separated. He and his brother survived and went to France with the OSE, and came to the United States in 1947.

Daytime views of the Villa Roma Motel sign on the Strip. Information about the sign is available in the Southern Nevada Neon Survey Data Sheet.
Site address: 220 Convention Center Dr
Sign details: Just west of the Somerset is the Villa Roma Motel. The only significant signage is located in the pylon side on the edge of the street. The pylon resides on the north side of Convention Center drive with the property facing east/west.
Sign condition: Structure 4 Surface 4 Lighting 4
Sign form: Pylon
Sign-specific description: Just west of the Somerset is the Villa Roma Motel. The pylon resides on the north side of the street with the property facing east/west. The sign consists of a tall white steel pole supporting two double backed cabinets, along with decorative raceways, as well as a logo cabinet. About halfway up the pole, an internally lit, double backed, cabinet cantilevers off of the south side of the pole, facing east/west also. The top of the sign is two horizontal rectangular cabinets, sitting one on top of the other, in close proximity to each other. The cabinets possess aspects of design which add a bit of flavor to plain geometric shape. The faces of the cabinet themselves are concave, bowing in along the length. The maroon surface is also fluted vertically, dividing the surface up into a pattern of vertical rectangles. Along the width of each one of the cabinets, smaller black cabinets run vertically along the edge. These cabinets are adorned with maroon graphically painted scroll work. Channel letters spell the name of the establishment on the two cabinets. The thinner, top cabinet possesses the channel letter text spelling, "Villa Roma," painted white on the interiors. The bottom cabinet's surface contains the text "Motel" in larger all capital channel letter. The interiors of both of both sets of letters are filled with neon. Attached to the bottom of the cabinet, an oval shaped cabinet resides on the north side of the cabinet. It is treated with same maroon color paint ,but the face is adorned with "vacancy" painted on the surface. "No" is spelled in neon as well as being vacancy being overlayed with neon as well. Two pairs of maroon raceways shoot out of the top of either side of the cabinet into the air, then arch inward, meeting at a common point in the center. The spot where each one of the raceway meets, a pseudo oval shaped, internally lit, double backed cabinet professes the logo for the Villa Roma Motel. The logo consists of A capital letter "V" sitting over a Letter "R" in red paint. The raceways also protrudes through the bottom of the cabinet on either side, for a short distance. The edges of the raceways are lined with incandescent bulbs.
Sign - type of display: Neon; Incandescent
Sign - media: Steel; Plastic
Sign animation: Chasing, flashing, oscillating
Notes: The text letters on the porte-cochere and entrances hold a three step animation: The incandescent bulbs all oscillate rapidly inside the letters, then steady burn on, and finally come to rest in the off position. The sequence then repeats. The main pylon sign carries several different sections which all hold different animation patterns. Inside the middle sculptural piece, the incandescent bulbs, which encrust the star shapes, oscillate in a twinkling fashion. The bulbs which border the outlying portion of the middle section chase each other, with the inner row running downward, and the outer row chasing upward. The double rows of incandescent bulbs that create the outer border, also chase each other in a similar fashion. The outer-most lane, of the double rowed bulbs, animate chasing downward, while the inner is treated with chasing animation, which chases upward. The bulbs, which encrust the bottom of the main marquee oscillate, as well as the bulbs on the widths edge of the main message center. The incandescent bulbs, which fill the text in the main marquee of the pylon, oscillate rapidly while the vertical red bars of neon, animate behind them. They star in the middle and chase out to either side illuminating all of the bars, then chase back to the center leaving them dark. They then start all illuminated, and curtain open to either side, then animates, chasing each other from either side back to the middle again. Once all illuminated, they flash off, on, off, on, then off. The marquee seems to be the one with a set sequence. On the main message board, the golden image of the cowboy animates in three stages, rocking back and forth, as if riding the bull. The letters, which adorn the tower of the building, animate in sequence. The incandescent bulbs in each letter light up individually one at a time from left to right, then once all are illuminated, they each oscillate one at a time, from left to right. They then light up continuously from left to right again one at a time, and then turn off. The letters, which run vertically on the northwest side of the tower, also have the same sequence.
Sign environment: The Villa Roma's area is interesting in itself. Convention Center Drive runs east west between the Strip and paradise road, and is home to a unique mix of signage and structures of close but not identical functions. It plays home to the Greek Isles, a bank building, dry cleaners, the Royal Casino, a giant parking lot for the Las Vegas Hilton, as well as the dying Silver Saddle. It stands as a reminder of a roadside motel that is still present, within the heart of an evolving Strip.
Surveyor: Joshua Cannaday
Survey - date completed: 2002
Sign keywords: Chasing; Pylon; Neon; Incandescent; Steel; Plastic

On March 11, 1981, Leora Cohen interviewed city planner, Margie Joanne Corderman (born September 30th, 1933 in Sac City, Iowa) in the kitchen of her home in Boulder City, Nevada. The interview covers the history, growth and development of Boulder City. During the interview, Margie discusses Six Companies houses, swamp coolers, pollution and Boulder City locals having to commute to Las Vegas and Henderson for work. Some of the occupations Margie has held in Clark County, Nevada, include, Clark County Deputy Assessor, engineering aid, planning technician, planning director, and engineering technician.

Information about the High Hat Regency that sits at 1300 S Las Vegas Blvd.
Site address: 1300 S Las Vegas Blvd
Sign owner: Tarighi Bahman and Farideh
Sign details: The building was constructed in 1958 (Assessor). A vintage postcard from the 1950's-- or more likely the 1960's (based upon the automobiles pictured)-- shows that the business was previously named the Chevron Motel (Las Vegas motels then and now).
Sign condition: Condition is 3-4, fair to good. The pole, cabinets and reader board are in good condition. Moderate rust is evident around the edges of the top cabinet. The paint is generally in good condition, although there white patches (from repairs?) on the chevron. The neon tubing is entirely intact. Most of the incandescent light bulbs are present, except for the underside of the lower cabinet, where they are completely absent.
Sign form: Pole Sign
Sign-specific description: A single round white metal pole supports the sign, which is cantilevered toward the street. The cabinets form a rectangular "C" which is open on the motel side. The interior of the "C" surrounds a chevron which points toward the motel. On top of the motel side of the upper cabinet is a metal top hat and cane. The sign is attached to the pole at the side of the lower cabinet, the point of the chevron and the bottom of the upper cabinet. The background color of the sign is sky blue. The bottom of the face of the lower cabinet has the word "VACANCY" painted in white sans serif letters. The letters are traced in white skeleton neon. To the left, the word "NO" is spelled out in clear skeleton neon sans serif letters. Above the neon letters is a white metal reader board which has a row of clear incandescent light bulbs running along the top, bottom and motel side edges. A single row of clear incandescent light bulbs runs the entire length of the street side of the sign. On the street side of the chevron is a blue metal cabinet with the word "MOTEL" spelled in white channel letters. The channels are outlined by white neon tubes, while the interior of the channels are filled with clear or white incandescent light bulbs. On the motel side of the "MOTEL" cabinet is a blue chevron which is covered with clear or white incandescent light bulbs. The top cabinet features the words "High Hat" spelled out in white cursive letters. Below is the word "REGENCY" painted in white sans serif letters. All wording is traced by white skeleton neon. On top of the motel side of the upper cabinet is a white top hat with a blue hat band. Running through the hat is a white cane. The hat and cane are traced by white skeleton neon. The hat is covered with white or clear incandescent light bulbs.
Sign - type of display: Neon, incandescent, reader board
Sign - media: Steel, plastic
Sign - non-neon treatments: reader board
Sign animation: Light bulbs flicker
Sign environment: Las Vegas Boulevard South, north of the Las Vegas Strip near other motels and wedding chapels.
Sign - date of installation: c.1950s
Sign - thematic influences: Elegance, sophistication, high society, boomerang/chevron, 1950's, 1960's, mid-century
Survey - research locations: Assessor's website
Survey - research notes: Connolly, D. (2012 July 21). Chevron Motel. Retrieved from https://www.flickr.com/photos/dennisconnolly5059yahoocom/7635650456 Hagopian, M. (2011 January 28). No vacancy in vintage Vegas. Retrieved https://hyperallergic.com/15738/no-vacancy- vintage-vegas/ Las Vegas motels then and now. (n.d.). Chevron Motel. Retrieved from http://stefanidrivesvegas.com/8.html RoadsideArchitecture. (n.d.). High Hat Regency Motel. Retrieved from http://www.roadarch.com/signs/nvvegas.html Seltzer, D. J. (2014 June 1). High Hat Regency Motel sign in Las Vegas [Video recording]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-bQdw48LVrA
Survey - other remarks: A vintage postcard circa 1950's-1960's shows the Chevron Motel sign as a simple pole mounted with a reader board and two light boxes which form a "C" shape open toward the motel (Las Vegas motels then and now, n.d.). A later postcard features the same sign with a chevron in the center and a semi-circular arch which encloses a light ball above the upper cabinet (Connolly, 2012). The current sign retains the chevron, the metal frames of the light boxes and reader board (Las Vegas motels then and now, n.d.). A hat and cane have replaced the arch and light ball at the top of the sign (Las Vegas motels then and now, n.d.). The light boxes have been replaced with metal cabinets with incandescent and neon displays (Las Vegas motels then and now, n.d.). The sign is pictured in a vintage postcard circa 1950's-1960's (Las Vegas motels then and now, n.d.). At that time it advertised the Chevron Motel.
Surveyor: Mitchell Cohen
Survey - date completed: 2017-09-06
Sign keywords: Neon; Incandescent; Steel; Plastic; Reader board; Pole sign; Flickering