Dancer Charles Nur Fernald first came to Las Vegas in 1963 to perform for five weeks in the Kay Starr Show at the Sahara Hotel and again in 1964 working with Donn Arden for three months at the Desert Inn Hotel. Born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1939, Charles moved several times to various places in Arizona and southern California with his parents, Charles Knox Fernald and Marguerite Marie Higgins Fernald, and half-siblings before settling in Hollywood, California, where he remained (except for his short stints in Las Vegas) from 1961 to 1967. In January 1968 Charles came to Las Vegas to perform with Sid Caesar and Imogene Coca at the Flamingo Hotel. After the show closed Charles auditioned for Donn Arden to dance in the Lido de Paris show at the Stardust Hotel, where he remained for sixteen years, 1968 through 1984. He remains the only male dancer who performed with Lido through five different, consecutive productions. In 1969 Charles met his partner, Aquiles Garcia, who was a dancer at the Dunes Hotel. The couple remain in Las Vegas and have been together forty-five years. Charles’s father was very poor and left school after the third grade to go to work and help support his family. He was born in 1889 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the fifth of eleven children. As an eight-year-old he became a “groundhog,” a digger of New York’s underwater tunnels, who helped build the Holland Tunnel. At fifteen he made more money than his father selling newspapers, fresh fruit, and clothing door to door or from the street corner. According to Charles, his father “drank too much, ate too much, smoked too much, and loved too much.” As an only child, Charles’s mother had a very different upbringing from his father, although her family too was very poor. She was born in Detroit in 1902 to a railroad switchman father and mother who not only scrubbed the floors of wealthy Detroiters but also cooked meals for twenty-one boarders at a rooming house. Marguerite’s parents worked hard so they could send their only child to Catholic school and the Detroit Conservatory of Music.

Photos show Peppermill signs during the day. Two surveys were conducted to gather information about this sign. One was conducted in 2002 and one was conducted in 2017. PDFs are available for both surveys. See the 2017 survey PDF for additional information that is not included in the object description.
Site address: 2985 S Las Vegas Blvd
Sign details: The Peppermill Inn Restaurant is located on the east side of Las Vegas Blvd, just north of the now defunct Silver City Casino. The actual establishment faces west toward the strip, separated from the traffic by the front parking lot. The lowrise brown clad establishment, boasts three specific pieces of signage on the exterior structure. In the parking lot near Las Vegas Blvd, a small two-sided, ground level cabinet, mirrors the aesthetics of the actual structure. Upon the west side of the building, the shingled roofline boasts channel letters filled with neon, as well as a more secluded sign on the north side of the building, toward the rear.
Sign condition: Structure 3 Surface 3 Lighting 3 The condition of the three different pieces of signage are all in different states of repair.
Sign form: Pylon; Fascia
Sign-specific description: The pylon sign, which sits near the street, is a miniature representation of the facade of the Peppermill establishment. Two square legs, constructed of mortared pieces of stone support the two-sided cabinet. The horizontal, rectangular cabinet sits on the pole, and faces north/south. The top edge of the sign is reminiscent of a roofline, with a low rise a-frame design. The grade is very little but exaggerated by the rectangular element rising off of the top edge covered in brown wooden shingles, which also cover the top edge's surface. The effect of the top's finishing is the resemblance of the roof of the Peppermill restaurant. Just below the peak of the "roof-like" element on the surface of the sign, a rectangular metal plate possesses text. The text is stamped out of the metal to reveal recessed negative spaces of fonts. An orange transparent material resides behind the plate, providing the hue for the internally lit apparatus. The text reads "24 Hours" in all capitals. Below the small rectangle, larger, white text runs the length of the sign. The internally lit, closed face, channel letters are in all capitals. In smaller text, along the bottom portion of the face the phrase "Coffee Shop & Lounge," runs the length of the text. The letters are orange, closed faced, internally lit. The actual structure of the restaurant, further east on the property is the model for the previously mentioned sign. The low-rise pitched roofline of the facility concludes at a lowrise rectangular cap. Along the western edge the roofs overhang, large white channel letters lined on the interior with pink neon spell "Peppermill" in all capital letters. Following the brown shingled roofline around the south side of the building, a third sign, not seen by the general public, faces south. A steel cabinet is the two-dimensional representation of both the outer pylon sign as well as the structure itself. A rust colored brown cabinet houses a dork brown steel face, with plastic letters for the advertising of the establishment. "Peppermill" is spelled in all capital letters. Below the top text a two lined, series of orange all capital text spells "Restaurant Lounge." It is apparent that wooden shingles were evident on the top the top edge of the cabinet which rises in the pitched front geometric shape seen on the pylon in the front and the architectural element in the structures center. Underneath the primary cabinet a smaller, horizontal, rectangular cabinet, sits centered underneath the It too is a rust colored brown cabinet, with a dark brown face. Text, as tall as the cabinet spells, "Open 24HRS" in orange plastic all capital letters.
Sign - type of display: Neon; Incandescent; Backlit
Sign - media: Steel; Plastic; Masonry
Sign - non-neon treatments: Graphics; Paint
Sign animation: Chasing, flashing, oscillating
Notes: The text, which resides on the southern wall and reads "Casino," is filled with incandescent bulbs that all illuminate at the same time, and oscillate. They then shut off at the same time, and then repeat. The raceways of incandescent bulbs chase each other while the neon, which surrounds the back lit, plastic, screens on this wall flash on then off. The bottom two raceways sandwiching the reflective panel chase from left to right, while the remainder of the raceways surrounding the signs, run right to left. The incandescent bulbs on the pylon chase each other gracefully up the length of the pylon. The animation is patterned so as to appear as if a section of several bulbs are pulsing its way up the towers, hugging the edge of the bulbous tops. The raceways continue around the east face of the building. The umbrellas in the plaza behind the pylon, also are animated with incandescent bulbs chasing each other downward along the raceways.
Sign environment: The area surrounding the Peppermill contains several interesting properties making the entire area sort of a cove of history. Just to the north the deteriorating, and closed Silver City stands testament to the wave of constant change present on the strip. It is a reminder of the historical significance of the Peppermill and the fact that someday it might not be present at this location any more.
Sign manufacturer: YESCO
Sign - thematic influences: What is evident of the Peppermill theme works around the exterior appearance, and around the name itself. The brown wooden exterior, use of wooden shingles as adornments, and the major color palette all suggest the rustic, if not old west referenced, aesthetic.
Sign - artistic significance: This has become a statement of the "old Vegas" of the 1970s.
Surveyor: Joshua Cannaday
Survey - date completed: 2002
Sign keywords: Pylon; Fascia; Neon; Incandescent; Backlit; Steel; Plastic; Masonry; Paint; Graphics

Judy Bayley at a public event relating to the Trailrides at the Palomino Room at the Hacienda Hotel and Casino. The unidentified man standing behind Judy Bayley is wearing a badge that says "Judy Bayley's 4th Annual Las Vegas Hacienda Trail Ride Thru Paradise Valley 1971." "Participant" is stamped on the attached ribbon. Judith “Judy” Bayley, namesake of the Judy Bayley Theatre at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, was once known as “The First Lady of Gambling.” Judy and her husband Warren “Doc” Bayley opened the Hacienda Hotel and Casino on October 17, 1956. After Warren’s unexpected death from a heart attack on December, 26, 1964, Judy Bayley took over the ownership and operations of the Hacienda. By doing so, she became the first woman in Nevada history to be the sole owner and operator of a hotel-casino. An avid horsewoman, as a publicity campaign, Judy started “The Hacienda Trailrides.” Which some considered the social event of the year. The first trailride was held in December, 1968 to commemorate Pearl Harbor. The ride began at the Valley of Fire State Park and Ended in Overton, Nevada. Judy donated all proceeds from the trailride to benefit the local Veterans of Foreign Wars. Four Trailrides were held over the next four years, leaving from Tule Springs (now Floyd Lamb State Park), and from the Hacienda itself before they were discontinued after her death. After Judy’s death from cancer on December 31, 1971, the Hacienda was sold in 1972. The Hacienda’s doors closed to the public on December 10, 1996. The hotel was imploded on December 31, 1996 on the 25th anniversary of Judy Bayley’s death, and was broadcast on the Fox news network as part of their New Year’s Eve 1996 telecast. In March 1999, it was replaced with the Mandalay Bay Hotel and Casino.