Margo Knowles interview, March 25, 1981: transcript

UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles i An Interview with Margo Knowles An Oral History Conducted by Sonny Neighbors Ralph Roske Oral History Project on Early Las Vegas Special Collections and Archives Oral History Research Center University Libraries University of Nevada, Las Vegas UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles ii © Ralph Roske Oral History Project on Early Las Vegas University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 2019 UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles iii The Oral History Research Center (OHRC) was formally established by the Board of Regents of the University of Nevada System in September 2003 as an entity of the UNLV University Libraries’ Special Collections Division. The OHRC conducts oral interviews with individuals who are selected for their ability to provide first-hand observations on a variety of historical topics in Las Vegas and Southern Nevada. The OHRC is also home to legacy oral history interviews conducted prior to its establishment including many conducted by UNLV History Professor Ralph Roske and his students. This legacy interview transcript received minimal editing, such as the elimination of fragments, false starts, and repetitions in order to enhance the reader's understanding of the material. All measures have been taken to preserve the style and language of the narrator. The interviewee/narrator was not involved in the editing process. UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles iv Abstract On March 25, 1981, collector Sonny Neighbors interviewed his mother, Margo Knowles (born October 13th, 1935 in Cedar Rapids, Iowa) at her home in Las Vegas, Nevada. Margo speaks about growing up and going to school in Las Vegas. She also discusses her work as a telephone operator in Las Vegas, and at the Nevada Test Site in Nye County, Nevada. UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 5 This is Sonny Neighbors interviewing Margo Knowles at her home at 1809 Crown Eagle Court, Las Vegas, Nevada, 89108. Okay, Margo, where were you born in—? I was born in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, 1935. When did you come to Nevada? At what, about—about what age? I came to Nevada in about 1941 when I was about six years old because my father came out here to go to work on the railroad. He came out specifically to—your father, to work on the railroad? Yes. He was unemployed and he was looking for work, ‘cause it was just (unintelligible), bad Depression years. He came all the way west to look for a job on a railroad, ‘cause the railroads back east weren’t hiring. What—did he work for the railroad back there? For a short time, yes. What did he do before that? Went to college. He went to University of Notre Dame. To become a railroad engineer? No. He dropped out of school to take care of his family. Okay. At that time, how many kids total head count was in your family? We had four children. One boy and three girls. And—? I was next to the oldest one at the age of seven. What was the youngest? The youngest sister Ellen would have been about four at that time. Can you remember the trip here? UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 6 Yes. What do you remember about it? Lots of fun. How did your—? Got on that train and those kids had a lot of fun on the train. Except for my youngest sister, was kind a ornery. She was always crying for her doll. At that time, did you know how the population was in—so you came out here in 1941? Forty-one or ’42. Do you know—can you estimate what the population was at that time? I have no idea. There wasn’t much employment here. Gambling hadn’t really started. That really started early, there was gambling, but it wasn’t— Was it—? Broad as it is now. What kind of neighborhood did you live in? Was it—? The neighborhood we lived in now is a casino, Downtown. Was that—was that—? Right out where the El Cortez casino is. Was that the outskirts of town? Basically, yes. So today, that’s Downtown and then, it was the outskirts? That’s right. The population could not have been that much? That’s right. A lot of the population of the southern area was because of the dam. UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 7 The dam was there when—? Uh-huh. Oh yes. They had it built quite some time before that. When you came to Nevada, did you have any other relatives that lived in Nevada at that—? No. We were the only ones in Nevada. We’re still— All the other ones lived in Iowa? In Iowa or in New Jersey or in New York. Do most of your relatives still live in Iowa? Yes. Where did you go to school in Nevada while you were? I went to school at the 5th Street Grammar School on 5th Street, which is now the federal building. Did they tear it down? Where I started school. Right. Where did you go to high school? Las Vegas High School on 7th Street. It was the only high school in Las Vegas at that time. Was that a triple A high school? I don’t have any idea what the sports thing was. Was it a large high school? How many—? It was the only high school. How many people went to that high school? I think our graduation class was about 300. So it’s about the normal size of every high school there is in Las Vegas today? I think it was a little smaller. UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 8 Did you compete for state sports? (Laughs) No. I did not. How come? Cost too much? Sports was more geared for boys at that time. As it is today. Were there many colored people in your school? Yes. Was there a lot of colored people in the valley? No, not a whole lot. Our school was integrated. It was the only high school. We didn’t have any kind of problems like that. When did you graduate? 1952. How old were you? I was sixteen going on seventeen when I graduated high school. You were going to school when you came to Nevada, already? I was started in second grade when I came here to Las Vegas. Do they start earlier (Unintelligible)? Started at the age of four back east. And what age would you have started here? Well, later on, when my children grew up, they had people—didn’t let them start till around five, around six. It’s almost a year and a half, two years later. After graduation, did you decide to go to college? Yes, but I couldn’t afford it. Where was the college? UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 9 Everybody in Las Vegas usually went to Reno. University of Nevada, Reno. Was there Arizona State, Arizona’s? Were they there yet? University of Arizona was there but Arizona State was still a very small school. What about Northern Arizona? Is that Flagstaff? I believe it was there too. It was very small at that time. Did you hear a lot about UCLA and California colleges? Yes. Very (Unintelligible). Around this time, what kind of rights did women have compared to today? Like was it easy to find a job for a woman without a college education compared to today? In comparisons of today for the equal rights amendment, pushing the equal rights amendment, I don’t believe that there’s any way to compare. There was different types of jobs for women. Was there pay—? Women were only allowed certain types of jobs, even though they wanted to, basically told they couldn’t have it and they never got them. Well, what about the pay? Was women paid considerably less than men? No, I believe that was what brought on the Civil Rights Act, as well as I think to 1964. Equal pay for equal work. I think today that has changed. I think anyone who has the same job today gets equal pay. They may not get some of the best jobs today but they still get equal pay if they have a job, which is a plus for the women. Okay. When you graduated, did you have the chance, did the armed forces, did they draft then? Or did they recruit? UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 10 The armed forces always drafted during that period of time. There was exemptions for military personnel. They never drafted the women. I remember I had a brother who was exempt because he was a college student. So you were here—you came to Nevada during World War II? Right? No. Right after? 1941,’42? It was right at the end of World War II, I believe. Did that have a—? Maybe it was still going on. Was there a (Unintelligible)? Or? I remember when the President Roosevelt died. But he died after the war. Was that why he could not find a job, specifically? Well, I think it had something to do with it. The overall economy in the United States was hit really bad. In comparison today, everything’s high cost of living. In comparison to today, I can remember my mother telling me that we had to have coupons to go get stuff from the store. Like we were only allowed so much sugar and so much stuff. We had to have a coupon to get it. Can you remember when the bomb was dropped? Yes, very definitely so. So, did—the military service did not—were women in the service at the time? The only women in the service were usually nurses or someone of that caliber. They did not draft. Did they not recruit them for—? That’s right. They did not draft women. UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 11 Why? Just was not the thing to do. A woman was supposed to be in the home. So, none of your friends were in the service? None of my girlfriends, no. Some of my boyfriends were. Was that? So. Okay, what difference in the Downtown area and the Strip are there from today? Was there—? Well, when we first moved here— Was there a Strip? There were two hotels on the Strip. Which ones? The El Rancho and the Last Frontier. And then later on, the Flamingo Hotel came along, which the Flamingo hotel is the end of the world, all the way to Los Angeles, practically. Where’s the (Unintelligible)? It is now the Flamingo-Hilton. They just built that, though, didn’t they? They just rebuilt it. Re-constructed. Where’s the El Rancho? Did they tear that down? Yes, El Rancho’s been torn down. Now it’s a vacant lot across the street from the Sahara Hotel. Okay. The other one was The—? The Last Frontier. It’s now the— The Last Frontier. The New Frontier, I believe, now. Same hotel. Oh, (Unintelligible)? UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 12 It was all considered, I was in the boonies. It still is considerably far out there. Downtown it is, yes. What about Downtown? Was there, there was no Union Plaza. No. That was where the train depot was, right? That’s right. Where was that? What hotels were there? The Golden Nugget was there. Was the Pioneer Club there? There was two, I believe the Pioneer Club and there’d be two others. Small clubs across the street. Were the places—? On (Unintelligible), there was a drugstore. A service station—there was a service station where the Fremont Hotel sits now I think. Were there, was that place lit up like it is today? They always had the lights. They were always known for the lights, yes. Was there—? It wasn’t as elaborate as they are now. Was Reno, did (Unintelligible) up to Reno around this time? No. The first time I went to Reno was after I graduated from high school and it was to see about going to the university. How did Reno strike you, was it nice? Bigger than Las Vegas? UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 13 I’ve always liked Reno as an individual person. My opinion of Reno, I think, had a lot of (Unintelligible) at that time. Because it was more geared for the university. They had a lot of things that now, Las Vegas has. Now Las Vegas has completely overwhelmed Reno, in my opinion. Was Reno bigger at that time? No. It was bigger in hotels and things like that. They had more type of industry like that. But it was still pretty centrally (unintelligible). There was only just a few of everything. Was there a railroad between here and Reno? (Unintelligible) No. Not at that time. The railroad between north and the south was done away with prior to that time. Why was that? I guess because the cost was prohibitive for what they got in return. Not enough people? Well, there wasn’t enough within Las Vegas and Reno to warrant running it. Was Downtown, how many lanes were on Fremont? Two lanes. Two lanes? Two? Fremont Street was just like it is today, for the kids. Was it—? (Unintelligible) cruise Fremont Street on Friday night. Did you have troubles with police? No. Law enforcement was not a bad problem. Most of the kids—most of the kids I don’t think law enforcement today is a real problem unless the kids get out of line. UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 14 Well, what did you think of law enforcement then? Was it—? I don’t have too much recollection of law enforcement, ‘cause I wasn’t, I was never involved in anything like that. You didn’t have a—? I was pretty busy working for the school. I didn’t get involved in other things. I’m sure in my day we did just as many things as you kids today did. I was very busy. Well, how many police were there? Do you know? Was there a specific number? I can remember one man who was a policeman, his name was (Unintelligible). I believe his son now is in the state assembly. He was an extremely nice policeman. Did you know the sheriff? He was the (Unintelligible) sheriff at that time. I was not too interested in politics. I was not too interested in it at that time. Did they take care of the county? Clark County and Las Vegas area, yes. Did they have—? They did have a separate Las Vegas police department. Oh did they? At that time. What was the main thing that dominated southern Nevada, economically? The railroad? I think the railroad had a great deal to do with the people coming here, to begin with. Because of the dam and because of the maintenance, and support of the dam facilities. I think gaming was just getting into its swing at that time. Just getting off the feet, off of its feet. There weren’t that many tourists? UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 15 No. Not like it is today. It was not really—it has always been a tourist industry, but not like it is today. Not as elaborate and as well known throughout the world. We still had entertainers that came in those times. The cost of a Strip show was something like—kids could go out to have a Coke and a Strip show, and watch a big name entertainer. What about the Air Force base? Nellis was there. It was not as big as it is today. It wasn’t of strategic importance for the United States? I think it was on a minimum level at the time. Was there a lot of servicemen in town? I don’t remember that. I remember that there were servicemen in town but I don’t remember if it was a lot. Who was the—when you graduated—who was the governor? Don’t remember? I don’t think I can remember that. Who was the first governor you remember? Well, the first governor that I ever really recall or got interested in, was Governor Sawyer. Boy he was a very, very progressive governor. And, he’s the only one I really recall too much about, which was in the fifties, sixties, beginning in the sixties. After that time, we had very progressive governors. Our state really has gone a long way. And it wouldn’t have done so without good governors. Can you—do you have any idea who dominated the state legislature? Democrats or republicans? Or north or south? UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 16 No, the state legislature I believe was never as dominated by Clark County as it is today. (Unintelligible) has given most of the control to Clark County. Most of the votes are from Clark County now. During that period of time, the (Unintelligible). What was your first job after high school? First real job? After high school, I went to work for the telephone company. I worked there for three and a half years. What did you do there? I was a telephone operator and I was a supervisor at the telephone company. Why did you leave? I went to Arizona for school. Where’d you go to school there? Arizona State University. What changed your mind? I didn’t change my mind. I went down there and I went to school part time (Unintelligible) How many credits did you get? I don’t remember, approximately one year. I don’t remember the credits What was the telephone like? The telephone company? It was a good job for a young person. It’s a good job to do if you’re a young person. Was it hard? No. I think that it, at that time, it was probably harder than it is today. Nothing was automatic. And what did you do? UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 17 I was a mobile telephone operator where we had (Unintelligible). Nothing was converted to dial-up at the time. How many—? And I was a long distance operator and a long distance supervisor. Were there party lines to deal with? Yes. Everything was a party line? Well, you’d do all the connection and they’d have four or five different things (Unintelligible). Then they had their private lines, like today. But it was all on, it wasn’t automatic, like in a dial assistant. Okay. They converted to dial-up shortly after I left. How many operators were there, that worked with you? (Unintelligible) I don’t really recall that many operators. I think probably in the long distance and local (Unintelligible) Probably 100. One hundred operators working at one time? Yes. Sixty, probably seventy to a hundred at one time. And that was on shifts. Everybody, it was a twenty-four hour shift job. You worked twenty-four hours straight? No, but the job ran twenty-four hours. They had operators on duty twenty-four hours. (Unintelligible) So basically, how many calls could you handle at one time? UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 18 I can’t even remember that. I have no idea. It was very busy. I worked (Unintelligible) during that time. When Las Vegas had attained a growth where they had to convert to dial-up. It was extremely busy. I had (Unintelligible). Was the telephone company good stock to invest in? I kinda think it is. Looking back, sorry I didn’t. Was it at the time? I wasn’t too interested at the time. (Laughs) Were you given a chance to buy stock? No. No. Employees weren’t allowed? No, that’s right. They weren’t. Who was your boss? Do you—? I don’t remember my boss. One of them, her name was Mrs. Brennan. I understand her son is a judge here. Judge Brennan. Judge Brennan? So you (Unintelligible)? Did you know her son? Not directly. No, I don’t know her son. I knew she was one of the bosses at the telephone company. Was there a head level for high—like the governor of a state, like, the boss for all of Nevada at the telephone company? Well, the telephone company was a local telephone company. It was not—? It was just locally owned. It was it—It was a local business. Has it been bought by (Unintelligible)? UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 19 Now it is Centel. I don’t know who owns it now and I don’t think they’re—I still think their locally owned, maybe by a local corporation. That maybe has expanded to other areas? I don’t think they had expanded to other areas yet. I think they’re all Las Vegas area, Clark County area, but I don’t know. Okay. What did you—? You went to school at Arizona State after this, right, for about a year? What’d you do after that? Well, I came back to Las Vegas. At that time I was twenty-one years old. I went to work for the Fremont hotel when it was built. What did you do there? I was a cashier at the Fremont Hotel for about a year. Was that Fremont an elite place? (Laughs) It was a brand new place in town. I don’t know if you’d call it the most elite. I wouldn’t probably call it elite. But it was a nice place. It’s as big as it is today? Hasn’t changed? No, its expanded a great deal. It was much smaller. Was it—? But it was right on the corner. It wasn’t a high rise like it is? Yes, it still had, it was still a high rise, but it wasn’t as big. It may have expanded back into the (Unintelligible). They’ve gone back behind (Unintelligible). There used to be an alley, now they absorbed the alley and built back into the next street. What did you do there? UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 20 I was a cashier. Can you remember a lot of rich people coming in? Maybe a lot of tourists? No. At that time, it was still kind of—? Fremont Hotel was probably one of the busiest places Downtown. About what year was this? You had to be twenty-one, so—? Not ’47. You, you couldn’t—? Fifty-seven. It had to be ’57. I just turned twenty-one when I got here. Now, last night I heard on TV about Blacks not being allowed into the casinos. Can you remember anything about that? I don’t ever remember seeing a Black. So I think it was probably true. Until 1960, it said. Not, Blacks did not go into the casinos. Why? Was discrimination that bad against the Blacks? I don’t know. I feel that probably that it was. But I think Blacks, unfortunately, were not able to get jobs at those times. Well— I don’t think they had money to go into casinos. You said where you went to school, there were quite a few Blacks in your school. Well, there was never quite a few Blacks when I was going to school, in comparison, to the Black population today. It’s probably anywhere from ten to twenty percent of the population. Well, where did you—? In my day, it may have been five percent. UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 21 Where did these people get their jobs? Where did they work? If they could not afford to go into the casinos? Why did they even stay in Nevada? Well, I think some of them possibly did work in menial jobs in the casino. Like sweeping the floors? Things like that, yes. Janitor type work. But I don’t really recall seeing too, very many Blacks. Was there a welfare system? I think some of the Blacks worked on the railroad. Building? The welfare system at that time was in existence. But, I don’t think it was, throughout the country, I don’t think it was to, works as it is now. Who initiated the welfare system? Do you know? The federal government. Under what president? I don’t recall. I don’t know. I don’t have any idea who initiated it. Why did you leave the Fremont Hotel? I left the Fremont Hotel to go out to the Nevada Test Site, which was paying so much better in those days. (Laughs) How much better? I went to work for Reynold’s Electric as a telephone operator. Oh, you worked as a telephone operator again? Uh-huh, that’s when I started in the test site. I worked there for about three and a half years. At that time, I was married. I had my first child. I quit in (Unintelligible). I was off for UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 22 approximately a year, and then I went back to work for the Nye County. I worked for both the assessor and the sheriff out there for probably eight or nine years beyond that. What did you do? Well, the sheriff’s office I maintained all the records on mobile accidents and stuff for the federal government. We were paid by the federal government for Nye County. It was a contract type job. All of our deputies were deputized in Nye County and (Unintelligible). We assess the private property out there used by the private contractors. We were agents for the Department of Motor Vehicles, also. We (Unintelligible) other people at the test site. So, were you working directly on the test site? Yes, right at the base camp. The initial base camp. Where was that, Mercury? That’s Mercury, that’s right. Okay. Where—can you remember any blasts? Yes. When I first went out there, we used to go out to (Unintelligible) and watch the atmosphere blast. Did you have a special badge or something? Yes. Everybody had to wear a badge to— Even if you—? (Unintelligible) if there was any radioactivity, your badge turned a different color, and they let you go into certain areas. Was that only inside the Test Site, or was that in Mercury too? Well, Mercury is inside the test site. It just happens to be the first camp site inside the test site. So in Mercury, you had to wear badges? UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 23 We wore the badges all the time, yes. No matter where you were on the Test Site. Does that mean, if your children came along, did they have to wear a badge? Children were not allowed on the Test Site. No families were allowed on the Test Site. You could have them out there very rarely. If they had special tours or something. But there was no families allowed (Unintelligible). Did they clear out the Test Site when there was a blast? Or was that—? No, not really. So far away that it wouldn’t make a difference? When they usually had the blast, it was probably sixty or seventy miles inside the Test Site. I can only remember them evacuating the camp site one time. Why was that? That was because of radioactivity. How many bombs—? It was not a severe thing. How many bombs would go off every six months or so? Was there a specific schedule? Well, during the testing periods, you would, they would test in the period of maybe one every two or three weeks if I remember correctly. I’m not really too sure about that. And then there’d be periods where there wouldn’t be testing for a long period of time. (Unintelligible) get prepared for testing. They had the military out there at that time also. Now would the Nye County Sheriff work inside the Test Site? The Nye County Sheriff was in Tonopah then. He had deputies that worked within the Test Site (Unintelligible). UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 24 So the federal government didn’t have anybody for law enforcement then, they county had to have, do it? That’s right. The county maintained the law enforcement in the Test Site. During your time in Nevada, who do you think was the best governor, in your opinion? My opinion probably, my personal opinion, is Governor O’Callaghan was probably the best governor we ever had. And he was very popular with people. The state progressed a great deal. However, I think Governor Sawyer was the real beginning of the progression in this state. I think that was when we really started to become the type of state we are now. I don’t think any governor after Governor Sawyer hurt this state, I just, my favorite one is Governor O’Callaghan. Okay. Margo, after the test site, what did you do? After the Test Site, I was employed, I was employed at the Test Site for the Nye County Assessor. After that period of time, I moved to Las Vegas where I worked independent insurance (unintelligible) for a very short period of time. Then I went for the—worked for the state of Nevada in Tonopah, Nevada, where my ex-husband was employed. What did he do there? Then I had moved down to Las Vegas, after I got my divorce from my ex-husband, I moved to Las Vegas and I’m still working for the state of Nevada. Okay. What do you think about the state policies compared to—? Well, now that I’m in state government, I have, I’m a state employee, I have more direct feelings about state policies than I did years ago. My ex-husband was in politics so I became a little bit used to what was going on in the state. I think in comparison to years ago, the state is progressed too far for, we consider ourselves a very good state, and in relation to what we did twenty or thirty years ago, we are providing much more for the people, providing much more for our UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 25 children and our school system, which is pretty great. Justifiably so in some respects, I think. But on the whole, I think we have come very, very long way in all areas. Now we have the University of Nevada in Las Vegas. We have so much more now for our youth to take advantage of. Whether they want to or not, it’s here. What do you think about national (Unintelligible)? Do you have any thoughts about it? Our current national policy is, at this present time, I’m a single woman with three children. I think our national policies are very, very conservative. I do believe that over the last two or three democratic administrations, we’ve become too much into giveaway programs. Too much into some things. We have to have some kind of a balance. However, I don’t think this particular administration is going to balance. It’s gonna go the other way and probably hurt more. This is a personal opinion. Now you talk about the administration. What do you think of Laxalt? Senator Laxalt could do more for Nevada? I think Senator Laxalt is the greatest thing to happen to the state of Nevada. As governor, he was, I don’t think he was a terrific governor. I think he was a very good (Unintelligible). My personal preference is Bill O’Callaghan— (Tape one ends) Paul Laxalt is in a position that no other senator has ever been in for the state of Nevada. We are a very small state. On a national basis, we’re not considered much. We probably would never have been admitted to the Union if it wasn’t for that we’re so rich in silver, gold. And they needed our money. They didn’t need us. Our state has come a long, long way, by itself. Now we have Senator Laxalt. We won’t be by our self anymore. You think—? UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 26 We have a tie in to the new president. You think Senator Laxalt will bring people to Nevada? I don’t know that Nevada as such, will grow to that. I think it will grow but I don’t think masses of people are gonna run to Nevada to live because of Senator Laxalt. I think the people here will have a better standard of living. A better, maybe not a better standard of living, a better recognition as being part of this country, now that we have Senator Laxalt. Senator O’Callaghan has been a good senator. Senator O’Callaghan has not shared the relationship with the president that Senator Laxalt does. This is good. This is good for the state of Califonia. Ronald Reagan came from there. The state of California, we’ll be sharing a lot more limelight than the everyday, even though they are the biggest state in the union. The west will be recognized now that we are in this administration. Okay. Margo, you have lived all your life in Nevada, just about, right? How do you feel about living in Nevada? Do you enjoy living in Nevada, compared to California, Colorado, or Utah? Well, to compare it to other states, I can’t really do that too well, ‘cause I’ve only lived in one other state. It was Cal State, California, for a short period time, which I enjoyed. I didn’t enjoy the fact that I was unable to buy a home because the property values were so extreme down there. The tax structure in the other states is not as good as it is in Nevada. We, our gaming industry provides us with one of the nicest outlets any state will ever enjoy, is the fact that we don’t have a state sales tax. And it’s because we have our gaming. And our gaming is very supportive of our state. And the average citizen may not be aware that the tax burden that they take away from us is very, very dense. I’m able to own a home here. I was able to buy a home UNLV University Libraries Margo Knowles 27 here on my salary. It was prohibitive in the state of California, which is the reason I came here, back here. So do you enjoy—do you enjoy—? Nevada is a good state to live in, for people to have a good lifestyle, to have a nice lifestyle. You like the climate? In the summers, Las Vegas gets a little too hot for me, but in the winters, it’s much more enjoyable than slushing through the snow, and having utility bills that are three or four times what they are here. In comparison, it’s good. I do enjoy the season, I do enjoy having winters at home. But when you compensate for the costs it costs you to have that, I cannot afford that. So I like that. I like the Reno area for the skiing and stuff like that. And I think it would be very nice to live in the Reno area, also. (Unintelligible). Well, that’s basically all the questions I have for you. I’d like to thank you for doing this. You’re welcome. Thank you.