Transcript of interview with Ronald Bananto by Eric Henninger, March 15, 1981

UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 1 Interview with Ronald Bananto An Oral History Conducted by Eric Henninger Ralph Roske Oral History Project on Early Las Vegas Special Collections Oral History Research Center University Libraries University of Nevada, Las Vegas UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 2 The Oral History Research Center (OHRC) was formally established by the Board of Regents of the University of Nevada System in September 2003 as an entity of the UNLV University Libraries’ Special Collections Division. The OHRC conducts oral interviews with individuals who are selected for their ability to provide first-hand observations on a variety of historical topics in Las Vegas and Southern Nevada. The OHRC is also home to legacy oral history interviews conducted prior to its establishment including many conducted by UNLV History Professor Ralph Roske and his students. This legacy interview transcript received minimal editing, such as the elimination of fragments, false starts, and repetitions in order to enhance the reader's understanding of the material. All measures have been taken to preserve the style and language of the narrator. The interviewee/narrator was not involved in the editing process. UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 3 Abstract Eric Henninger interviews Detective Ronald Bananto (b. 1930) at his home on March 15, 1981. Born in Coal Run, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Bananto moved to Pioche, Nevada in 1949. A year later, and after a short period in San Francisco, California, Bananto relocated to Las Vegas, Nevada in 1950. Bananto discusses police work, and life in Pioche, Nevada. UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 4 UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 5 That’s some snow, huh. (Unintelligible) (Laughs) My name is Eric Henninger, and I am interviewing Detective Ron Bananto of the Metropolitan Police Department. Ron what is your present address? 3991 Tumbleweed Lane, Las Vegas, Nevada. Where were you born? And when did you move to Nevada? I was born in 1935, February the 11th, in Coal Run, Pennsylvania, and moved to Pioche, Nevada, in February of 1952. Describe why your family decided to go to Nevada. Well, my mother and father were going through a divorce, and Pennsylvania laws takes approximately a year before a divorce can be finalized. Nevada law is a registry of 6 weeks. My brother Don, my older brother and I, brought my mother to Pioche, where she could establish her 6 weeks residency to obtain her divorce. So what was it like for a 17-year-old in Pioche at that time? Well, first of all being 17 years old, and coming from a large city area, right around Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Pioche, which had approximately 4- or 500 people, and just a small mining town, was quite a, an experience. The people were quite friendly. I went to Lincoln County High School, in Panaca, which was approximately 11 miles away, had to take a bus every day to go to school. It was the kind of a town where you meet everyone in approximately a week. You get to know the barber, you get to know the sheriff, you get to know just about everybody. It wasn’t too long where my mom met Doctor J. G. Gimbel, who was in charge of the Combined Metals Reduction Company’s mining hospital in Pioche, and they ended up getting married. Another aspect about Pioche that quite fascinated me was the, the mountains, the streams, and the UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 6 environment, which I generally, always did love to fish, and hunt. We’d go to Eagle Valley for fishing, and then different mountain ranges during hunting season to hunt for meal deer, the areas quite well known for its fishing and hunting. The mines were mining, at the time at the Korean conflict, manganese, lead, and zinc; and Pioche, at this time, was filled to capacity, I’m talking about residential homes were filled, you couldn’t find a place to stay in Pioche. But slightly after the Korean conflict slowed down, the mines had no further use for those metals, and people would start to move out looking for other mining towns to gain employment. At this time I went to the service, going in to the army, and going overseas to Germany. In the meantime, my mother and Doctor Gimbel, due to the fact that the mines were just about shut down, moved to Las Vegas, where he took up practice in North Las Vegas. Upon my return from the service, I went to Castleton, Nevada, which is 8 miles around the mountain from Pioche, where I got employment at the Pioche Manganese Company working in the mill. That job lasted approximately 6 months, and due to the lack of want for that particular metal, the job slowed down, and again people were leaving. At this time I, in the meantime, was married, and went to California. I worked in California and the Stand Royal Refinery at the Richmond plant, Richmond, California. Stayed there for approximately one year, and had the urge to return to Nevada. Upon returning to Nevada, I came to Las Vegas, instead of Pioche. We bought a home here in Las Vegas, and approximately 1962, after working a few years with Doc Gimbel and my mother, they had bought a laundry, and a pizza parlor. I helped them work in North Las Vegas for a few years. I joined the Las Vegas Metro Police Department in 1962. I don’t mean to backtrack, but I understand Pioche has a colorful history. Is there anything you can tell us about this? UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 7 Well, I can tell you a few things. I know for a, for a fact that Pioche during the early 1800s was one of the biggest producers of silver in the west. They produced millions and millions of dollars of silver out of those mines, which led to nothing left in the mines except the lead and zinc that we mined at later years. Also, Pioche was quite a violent town, from stories I’ve heard from old timers in the area that the first 24, 25 people that died in Pioche died with their boots on, and were buried in the old Boot Hill up there, somewhere. Just different stories you hear from the old timers Pioche was quite colorful, quite, quite the old mining town. Why did you de- decide to be a policeman? Well, I kinda always looked up to law enforcement officers all my life, and while working in California, at the Stand Royal Refinery, I took a night course at the Oakland Police Officers Training Academy, and that kind of got it started. Then, I had a cousin, Mel Wolfe that was on the Las Vegas Police Department and that really got the ball rolling. And in 1962 I took my entrance exams, passed, and was hired approximately 3 days later. Matter a fact, it was June the 19th, 1962, when I first started on the police department. What sort of training did you go through before you became a policeman? Well, as, as I explained before, I went to the police officers training academy; however, once joining the police department, it’s mandatory that you do go to the academy. However, you must wait for an academy to open. Mine didn’t open for approximately 4 months, so I had 4 months of actual on-the-job training, with senior officers. Whereas, you ride as a junior officer, and they teach you right, right in the heat of things, you learn right on the job. However, when the academy starts then you get your regular firearms training, you get jail training, you get classes by FBI agents, you get classes in traffic enforcement, in fingerprinting, you get all phases of UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 8 police work, during your 26 weeks of police academy. Upon completion of all your written exams, then you have your regular graduation, and then you are a bona fide police officer. Okay. Sounds like that’s a lot of training, was there any part of that training that was harder for you? Well, it wasn’t really hard. The physical agility part of it came, came quite easy. The, the firearms training was, was another easy aspect. However, I had, the most difficult part of my training was learning the actual court procedures, and the Supreme Court decisions, and stuff like that. The, the other going out and arresting the drunk, or presenting a case to the district attorney office and follow-up investigation work came quite naturally. You’ve been in the police force for close to 20 years now. You’ve seen many changes in the city and on the police force. Can you elaborate some of these changes? Yes. I, I can elaborate on the growth. The growth of the police department, when I started I believe there was a 105 people on the police department; now we have over 1100. The, I’ve been through 5 different chiefs of police, and 2 sheriffs. The crime rate in Las Vegas is, has risen tremendously. You can, you can always blame it on the influx of tourists. We have over a million people coming here every year that may have something to do with it. The training techniques that they have now in the academy, is much more elaborate than what we had when I went through the academy 19 years ago. The police vehicles are better equipped, the, the, the men are better equipped, we have better weapons, the uniform officers now are required to wear bulletproof vests, which we did not have 20 years ago. Everything we have now is, is much more, it’s just, everything is just better. The pay scale is, is better, the working conditions are better. I, I can just go on and on about the Las Vegas Metro PD. It’s just- it’s just great, from what it was 20 years ago. UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 9 Describe some of the duties that you have done for the police over the years, on up to what you’re doing now? Well, I first started in uniform patrol. Worked that for approximately a year, then I went down to the foot beat, I walked, I walked foot patrol on Fremont Street from Main to 5th Street, for approximately 7 years. I transferred from the uniform division into the jail division and worked approximately 6 weeks. We had a shortage of manpower at that particular time. They needed senior officers to work the jail division, to help break in new jailers. Upon leaving the jail division, I transferred to the Detective Bureau. In the Detective Bureau I worked the Larceny du- Division, I worked Burglary Division, and Fugitive Section, which I am in at this time, still involved with fugitives. I have been involved with Fugitive now for approximately 8 years. What does a, a Detective in the Fugitive Section do? Well, we handle all fugitive arrests made by all Metro officers. In other words, if a uniform officer books a fugitive the paperwork is sent up to the Detective Bureau and is decimated to the Fugitive Section. We take the fugitive case and, first thing we do is interview the fugitive suspect in the jail division. Suspect is given the, the suspect is given the alternative to either sign waivers of extradition or refuse to sign the waivers of extradition. The fugitive at this time is confronted with why he is a fugitive, where he is wanted from, why he is running, and the demanding agency that holds the fugitive warrant. In other words, whatever state this man is wanted in. If the fugitive, at this time, states that he will sign waivers of extradition, the district attorney’s office is notified by the Fugitive detective and he is put on calendar to sign waivers of extradition. Now if the fugitive refuses to waive extradition, then, we get the warrants from the demanding agency and file a complaint with the district attorney’s office. Approximately 2 days goes by, and we are called to justice court, we sign a fugitive warrant for the fugitive in custody. UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 10 This case is then handled by the district attorney’s office, and a return date is set for approximately 30 days, which gives the demanding agency time to secure their governor’s warrant. A governor’s warrant is a warrant signed by the governor of the demanding agency and the governor of Nevada. Once we receive this governor’s warrant, the fugitive is then rearrested on an executive governor’s warrant, and at this time taken to district court, where he is remanded to the agency that wants him. Also part of our di- divisions duties are to go to different states and extradite fugitives wanted in Nevada. We make trips all over the country bringing fugitives back to Nevada, so they can stand trial in our jurisdiction for crimes committed here. How was it working foot patrol on Fremont Street 15 years ago? Well, I think that was one of the most interesting parts of my police career. I really enjoyed foot patrol. You- you’re, you’re right down- you’re right down in it. You- you get to know just about everybody. You- you know all the, the prostitutes, and the pimps, you get to know ‘em by their first names. You know who’s pawning the stolen stuff in the pawn shops, you- you check the pawn shops every, every few hours, and you contact Burglary Division, and advise them who’s been in there. You just know everybody on the street. What’s, what’s really surprising is how Fremont Street has changed, in, in the last 15 years. When I was walking down there at the, used to be waking up the vags and the bums up in the, the U.P. circle, now it’s the Union Plaza, we have no more lawn up there. The, the town, Downtown just changed tremendously, the, the high rises, etc., the, the laws have also changed, we have no DOP, that’s a disorderly person law, we have no, no vagrancy laws any longer, so, to, the only recourse we have now is to book people for soliciting or pandering, the, the panhandlers Downtown. The citizens, the newspapers, the media, just doesn’t realize that all the, the vagrancy in Las Vegas in the Downtown area, the, I UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 11 would say 80% of the purse thefts that ha- that have happened in the Downtown casinos are being perpetrated by these vagrants. I understand you enjoy playing softball. Can you talk about your softball experiences in Nevada? Yeah. I guess I’ve been playing a little bit too long. I start playing softball in Nevada approximately 25 years ago, and you wouldn’t believe it, we had 5 fast pitch teams, start playing in a squash park when the field was opposite as to where it is now. I remember the old Koo Coo Club team, Nellis Air Base, Morsels Auto Body, Nevada Test Site, Pepsi Cola, Triangle Steel, and a few others. The softball was strictly fast pitch. We had no slow pitch in, in Las Vegas. We had quite a number of very, very good ball players in Las Vegas. Matter a fact, our team went to world tournaments in Rock Island, Illinois, and went to the world tournaments twice in Kimberly, Wisconsin, and the slow pitch softball started, and women’s softball started, and unbelievable from that original 5 teams, I believe there are close to 450 softball team in Las Vegas now. That’s excluding church teams. However, being 46 years old, I am still playing softball, but I just about think this is my last year. (Laughs) I’ve heard you say that for the last 5 years Ron. I understand your wife’s family has a long Nevada background, can you tell us about this? Yeah. I’m married to Pamela Schofield, her father is Jack Schofield, ex- senator, state senator. Her uncle, James Schofield, is now Assemblyman of District 13. Pam’s grandfather, Thomas Schofield, died approximately a week ago. The Schofields originated in the Hiko area in the early 1900s. Grandpa Schofield had numerous mining claims in and around the Hiko area, Tim Piaute. He worked the claims for years and years. His sons Jack, Jim, Robert and Udell, all worked up in the ranches in the area around Hiko and Alamo, Nevada, in the early ‘30s, and late UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 12 ‘30s. Tom Schofield’s claims were leased to Union Carbide, company out of California, and they are now really working great up at Tim Piaute Mines. Matter a fact, my daughter and her, her husband, who, Robert Mordei, who is now employed at that mine, in Hiko, Nevada. The Schofields moved to Las Vegas in the ‘40s, and Tom Schofield had the first home in Paradise Valley. The elder Schofields actually saw Las Vegas grow from a whistle stop to, to what it is right now. Grandma Della Schofield, who is LDS, worked in the Indian village in Las Vegas, with the Indian people for a good 35 years, teaching ‘em to read and write, and teaching about religion. The Schofields have a long history in Nevada. You said that Grandma Scofield was with the LDS church, are you affiliated with this church? Yes, I am. I’m an elder with the, with the LDS church. I joined the church approximately 5 years ago, I had a tragic accident. My son Nicholas was coming down to a basketball tournament from Caliente Nevada, which is right outside of Pioche, and they were in a car wreck, and he was killed, coming down the Hiko Summit. And at this time I, I needed something, and my wife being LDS, and her family, I joined the church, and I’ve been affiliated now for approximately 5 years. We were married in the Saint George Utah Temple, and I had my 2 children, Joey and Jamie sealed to me and my wife, also my son, Nick- Nicholas was sealed to us by prophesy, Pam’s brother stood in for Nicky. Presently, I am the executive secretary of the elder’s quorum, in the 42nd ward Church of Jesus Christ Latter-Day Saints, Las Vegas, Nevada. Okay. Great, you’ve given great descriptions about your wife’s side of the family. Can you tell us about your side of the family? Yeah. All my family are now living in Las Vegas, which includes my mom. I have a sister here, and her husband, they have 5 children, and 6 grandchildren, and I have a, my older brother Don, UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 13 and he has 3 children, then my younger brother James, with 2 children. I also have an aunt and uncle here, in Las Vegas, and 6 cousins, and they have approximately 5 children. We have quite a few people in Las Vegas, and most of ‘em have been here for approximately 15 to 20 years. Mentioned your stepfather who was a doctor, can you tell us a little bit about him? Yeah. I certainly can, he was quite the character, he kinda remind you of the old doc on Gunsmoke. He was a, he was a true Nevadan. He was from Canada, but he lived in Pioche, in Las Vegas and he, he loved Nevada, he loved the deserts, and he loved the mountains. He used to take me fishing up to Snake Creek in Ely, and we used to go fishing in Ely, and, he just generally loved Nevada. He was quite, quite the old gentleman, and old doc Gimbel passed away in 1975. He was quite a surgeon, and he was a head of the Indiana Hospital in Indiana, Pennsylvania, for years, before coming to Nevada. Now that you’re getting close to your 20 year of retirement from the Metropolitan Police Department, what is your future plans? Well, upon getting my time in on the police department, I, I’ve been thinking about this for the last couple of years, and in the last 8 months, my wife and I have formed our own little company, we, we have the Enhance Corporation, which consists of direct marketing sales, which also consists of selling vitamins and minerals and health foods. Also we have body cleansers, hand creams, shampoos, and some cleaning products. The business has been going great in the last 6 months with my wife doing most of it, due to the fact that I do have a full-time employment at this time. But however, after my police days are done, I believe the Enhance Corporation will be my, my goals, that’s what I have set. Looking around your den I see a lot of sports souvenirs and trophies. I understand sports played an important part of your life- in your life. Can you elaborate on this? UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 14 Yeah, I sure can. It still does. Right now I’m involved with the church sports. I coach a basketball team, and I coach a little league baseball team. The trophies that you see up on the wall that’s from when I played softball, I got 4 or 5 All-star trophies, and a couple of hitting titles, and different trophies like that. I’m, as you can see up on the top, all the Pittsburgh hats and everything, I’m a Pittsburgh par- Pittsburgh Steelers fan. Matter of fact, my 2 cousins, and my brother, and myself, used to vend at Forbes Field, and it’s the old Forbes Field, in Pittsburgh, when the Pirates play ball. Matter of fact, we- when Pittsburgh comes to Los Angeles, San Diego, and San Francisco that’s when I take my vacation, and I pack up the wife and the kids and away we go, we head for California, and generally spend 2 weeks down, with the team. I know Tim Fowley, personally, the short stop for the Pirates, and Dave Parker, Manny Sanguillen, few other guys, I’ve got Dave Parker’s autograph bat, when he won the most valuable player award. I’ve got pictures taken with Sanguillen, Rennie Stennett, and other players, and lot of football pictures of the Steelers. Once, once you’re a Steeler fan and a Pirate fan, even though I’ve been away 30 years from Pittsburgh, that’s still my team, and even in high school I, I played all the sports, was captain of the basketball team and the highest scorer, when I was a junior in high school, and sports has been a great aspect in my life. On T.V. and in the movies you see policemen chasing people it seems like for miles on foot, and you see them doing incredible athletic things, what, how has your athletic background benefitted you? Well, it, it’s helped quite a bit. I’ve, I’ve been in a few chases, we are handicapped in one respect because we have that gun, and belt, and nightstick, and handcuffs, and everything hanging onto your side, doesn’t, you have, you have to learn to run with a this stuff, I’ve been in a few chases where, where I’ve caught suspects, and I’ve been in a, a few altercations where I had to fight UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 15 suspects. However, I can thank the Lord that I’m 6-foot-3, 240 pounds, too. I work out with weights, 3, 3 times a week. Plus, I’m, running, ride bicycles. Also I might add that the softball program that the police department has is, is exceptional, we have 4 teams. We have the Police Olympics, every year in Las Vegas. In the last 3 years we’ve won one gold, and 2 sil- silver medals. I, we’re playing some darn good ball clubs from places like Tucson, Phoenix, San Diego, San Francisco, Los Angeles, quite a few good ball clubs. The police department, I can’t stress enough that policemen should be in excellent physical shape. What facilities do the pol- police provide to encourage their personnel to stay in shape? Well, the, the first thing that, that, I don’t know if it’s a provision, but it’s a yearly physical. If you are overweight, and the doctor states on your letter back to personnel that you are overweight, then you have so many months which to lose that weight. If you do not lose it then you are reprimanded. So, that, that, that’s one deal, that you wanna keep in shape, so, you can avoid the reprimand. However, the facilities we have is excellent, we have the, a Nautilus gym downstairs, we have showers, we have complete weightlifting, a squash park is half a block away from the police department. Numerous detectives, instead of eating lunch will go over to it and run for an hour, over at the park, and this is done by quite a few of the guys. I believe the other south substation in other places also have facilities for weight lifting, and running. Can we backtrack a little bit? You mentioned the changes on Fremont Street. I know the city hall is relatively new. Where were the, where was the city hall when you first started working for the police department? The city hall was, was at the same location as the new city hall. However, the police department was at 400 North 1st Street, and the jail was attached right to the rear of the police department. Our courts were 3 prefab trailers that were put up. We needed the new building, we needed to UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 16 change very bad. We had not enough room for prisoners in the jail. We were sending our excess prisoners over to the county jail at and 3rd and Carson Streets. There’s been a lot to appear in the paper about the jail population in Las Vegas. I’ve read something about a federal decree requiring that Las Vegas reduce its jail population. Are you in the position to tell us anything about this? Well, I can elaborate a little. That decree was si- signed by a Federal Judge Fowley, and I believe the population at this time is a little over 400 inmates. The federal judge would like it reduced to approximately 137, I believe. Now to do this, we had our attorney Gary Lang, and the sheriff, and a few other people trying to fight it, due to the fact that murderers, rapists, robbers, etcetera, should be incarcerated. The Honorable Judge Fowley did give us a stay for the next 2 months, to see if we could work something out with this situation. The, the prostitutes for, for an example, we have approximately 5000 known prostitutes in Clark County, and I believe 2000 per weekend that come in from different areas of the country for weekend business. They are not being arrested any longer. They’re giving citations, like a traffic citation, so, to keep them out of jail. On the fugitive aspects, when the fugitive is arrested, we have to get confirmation from the demanding agency that this fugitive is actually wanted and they do have an active warrant within 48 hours or that fugitive is to be released. In other words, we cannot hold people in that jail on a fugitive charge, unless they are actually wanted, and we are notified that they are wanted. Otherwise, they would be released. Now what the final decision, and the final judgment is going to be, I, I can’t answer your question. The only thing that I can say is it, it’s a shame that, that the three hundred and some people that are supposed to be in jail are gonna hit the streets in 2 months. I, I, just- that’s all I can say. UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 17 Earlier in the interview you mentioned all the improvements in equipment, and training for the police department, they now have that wasn’t available when you started, started. You mentioned uniform police officers wearing bulletproof vests, these are all positive aspects of police work. Have there been negative changes since you’ve started? Well, there surely has. The, the question we were just, just talk- talking about, the, the jail situation. Whereas, all the training and equipment that the police officers have now and the technology and everything to get these people into jail, now they have to be released. I, I believe that’s number one priority. Also, you have Supreme Court decisions, such as the Miranda decision, which is the, advising a, a suspect of his right to remain silent, and getting an attorney, etcetera, All the new officers have to be trained, and retrained, into all these new decisions before they make an arrest. As far as a bulletproof vest, officers now have their hands tied. It’s just about let them shoot first before you could shoot back. It’s, the only time an officer can use his gun now is if his life is actually in jeopardy, or if, he’s, if he’s going after a fleeing felon. The situation to the victim is more so than, than the police officer. I believe that the victims are getting shortchanged. Take for instance, the poor girls that get raped, when they, when they go, when they go to trial. The defense attorney tears- they, they tear ‘em up, they, the poor girl if she’s had sexual intercourse with the, say 1 or 2 guys, and the defense attorney finds out about it, and he keeps questioning, and questioning, and he makes it out that this, this girl was enticed the rapist to rape her, and she’s a, she’s a prostitute or whatever. That, that’s the people that’s getting shortchanged, the victims of the crimes. Not the police department, the police department all they’re getting is low morale, as far as I can see. I think that should answer that question. Police work has got to be a pressure type job. You’re confronted daily with the seamy side of life. How do you get away from it all? UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 18 Well, I kinda just put it in the back of my mind when I get home, I take pride in my, my place I have here, as you probably seen when you come in, I got a, gardening is a, is, is, is my great hobby, that’s kinda taken the place of softball. I got a place here, its 3 quarters of an acre, and I got my own well, I used my own water, and our church has one thing it, it says that you should have a year supply of food. So, we have just about everything right here on our, in Las Vegas, it’s unbelievable, that stuff like this grows. We have the nicest biggest grapefruits, oranges, lemons, we got pears, we got quince, I have 3 black walnut trees, got 6 pecan trees, the sweetest pecans you ever ate, we have 2, 3, 4, pomegranate trees, and a gigantic garden that I just got about everything in the garden. My wife put up about 80 jars of pomegranate jelly this year, we sold, down at the police department, just, just to get, just to get rid of the nuts, I sold approximately 180 pounds of pecans, just to pay for the fertilizer and the water. We have grapes, and 2 black cherry trees, and 4 loquat trees, we got just about everything right here in Las Vegas that’ll grow, it’s unbelievable, but it sure does grow here, and I’ll tell you when you get out in that yard working on weekends and in the evenings, you kinda forget about the murderers, and the rapists, for a little while till the next morning. Oh, I didn’t realize you had all that here. Sounds like you don’t even need that gym to stay in shape? Well, it’s quite a job. I kinda start early in the morning, the first thing I do in the morning is go out and take care of my chickens. I got 10 chickens and a couple of ducks, and I’ve got to feed them chickens and get the eggs, that’s, that’s generally before I go to work, and then, it takes about every night till, till sundown, and after sundown, I have supper, and then, after supper I start on the Enhance, so, we have Enhance meetings maybe 3 night a week, and we give some UNLV University Libraries Ronald Bananto 19 Enhance parties. So, I keep quite busy, and like I said before, that gets your mind off the murderers, and the, and the rapists. Ron, I really appreciate you conducting this interview for me. It was very interesting, and it was very informative. I just have one last question to end this. I recently got a speeding ticket, how can I get it taken care of? Don’t speed! (Laughs) (Laughs) (Tape ends)